What is a race condition? How is it different from a dead-lock?

A race condition is a situation in which two or more threads or processes are reading or writing some shared data, and the final result depends on the timing of how the threads are scheduled. Race conditions can lead to unpredictable results and subtle program bugs

In Java, the Object class provides a collection of methods — wait, notify, and notifyAll — to help threads wait for a condition and notify other threads when that condition changes.